Fiberglass kumulowetsa luso 2

1. Zolakwika
Kuthamanga kwa jekeseni wamadzi ndikokwera ndipo zimakhudza kwambiri, ndipo chitoliro chachitsulo chagalasi sichingakhudzidwe ndi katunduyo. Atagwiritsidwa ntchito, woyendetsa molakwika adasinthiratu ndondomekoyi ndikukakamiza, ndipo opaleshoniyi inali yopanda malire, zomwe zingayambitse kutaya kwa chitoliro chachitsulo chachitsulo.

2. Njira zopewera
Malinga ndi SY / T6267-1996 "Mapaipi a fiberglass", J / QH0789-2000 Buckle FRP Pipe Construction and Acceptance Specification. Harbin Star FRP Co., Ltd. "Malangizo Okhazikitsa Ulusi Wapaipi wa Fiberglass", ndipo lembani GB1350235-97 "Code for Construction and Acceptance of Industrial Metal Piping Engineering", kuti muteteze zolakwika zomwe zimafanana, kumvetsetsa zomangamanga kukonza, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zomangamanga zili bwino. Poganizira zifukwa zisanu ndi chimodzi zapamwambazi, njira zodzitchinjiriza zikuperekedwa (onani Gulu 1).

3. Yankho
Pakatha kutayikira kwa galasi lazitsulo lazitsulo, njira ziyenera kutengedwa nthawi yomweyo kuti zisawononge chilengedwe. Njira yabwino kwambiri yomanga ndikudula taper ndikugwiritsa ntchito adapter yachitsulo kuti igwirizane. Njira zazikuluzikulu ndikuimitsa kupanga → kupeza kutayikira → kufukula → kukonzanso zimbudzi → kutsitsa ulusi pamalo → kukhazikitsa kusamutsa kwazitsulo → kuwotcherera → kuyesa kozama → ngalande yobwezeretsanso → kutumizira. Njira zolumikizira zovekera zomanga (onani Chithunzi 1)

Zomangamanga:
(1) Musanadule ndikupanga ma cones, malinga ndi zofunikira za kapangidwe ka HSE, tepi yochenjeza iyenera kukokedwa pakatikati, ndipo zikwangwani ziyenera kuikidwa polowa m'chigawo chomangacho. Kutayikira kumachitika, gwero la jakisoni wamadzi limadulidwa kuti lichepetse kuthamanga kwa zero, ndipo zimbudzi zimapezedwanso munthawi pambuyo pofukula kuti zisawononge kugwera kwa chitoliro ndikuvulaza anthu.
(2) Pambuyo kudula chitoliro FRP, kutalika zochotsa sayenera upambana 1m, ndi mbali sayenera upambana 10 ℃. Mukadula ndikupanga ma cones, zimakhala zotetezeka komanso zosavuta kumanga pansi. Kusiyana kwakukulu ndikoposa 2m (payipiyo imayikidwa mozama 1m kuya). Fukulani mbali zonse ziwiri kuchokera pamalo otayikira. Osachepera 20m pamwambapa.
(3) Pamalo ulusi unsembe
Njira zopangira ulusi pamalo: kudula → kudula taper → kulumikiza ulusi pamalo → Kutentha ndi kuchiritsa. Kudula kutayikira kuli bwino kuposa 0.3m. Sankhani chopukusira choyenera (wopanga amakhala ndi zida zapadera). Chulucho chiyenera kukhala choyera, chopanda mafuta, fumbi, chinyezi, ndi zomata ziyenera kusakanizidwa mofanana. Mapangidwe omaliza amalumikizidwa kuti atulutse thovu lamlengalenga pamwamba pake, kenako ndikutembenuza ndi dzanja kuti mumange. Nthawi yakuchiritsa yomata imatsimikizika malinga ndi kutentha kozungulira. Kutentha kozungulira ndi nthawi yochiritsa zikuwonetsedwa mu Gome 2.
M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kumangidwe kumakhala kotsika, ndipo nthawi yoyimitsira jekeseni wamadzi siyitha kupitilira maola 24. Njira yamagetsi yochizira ndi kuchiritsa itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kufupikitsa nthawi yomanga. Malinga ndi zomwe adakumana nazo pomanga ndi mawonekedwe omata, njira yabwino yochiritsira imatha kupezeka mkati mwa maola 3-4, ndipo nthawi yonse yomanga yomanga imayang'aniridwa mkati mwa maola 8. Kutentha kwa lamba wotentha wamagetsi kumayendetsedwa pa 30-32 ℃, nthawiyo ndi maola 3, ndipo nthawi yozizira ndi maola 0,5. Zofunikira zamagetsi otentha (onani Gulu 3).
(4) Ikani cholumikizira chachitsulo chosinthira. Chingwe chakunja kwakanthawi ndi ulusi wamkati wosinthira zitsulo ziyenera kukhala zoyera, ndipo mafuta osindikiza ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito wogawana. Palibe makokedwe okhala ndi wrench. Pambuyo polimbitsa ndi dzanja, limbitsani kwa milungu iwiri. Ngati pali makokedwe okhala ndi wrench, dinani Limbikitsani tebulo loyang'ana mozungulira (onani Gulu 4).
(5) Ogwira ntchito zowotcherera ayenera kutsimikiziridwa. Pakutenthetsako, cholumikizira chachitsulo chiyenera kuzirala, ndipo kutentha sikuyenera kupitirira 40 ° C, apo ayi udzudzu womwe ulipo udzawotchedwa ndipo kutayikira kudzachitika.
(6) Kubwezeretsanso ngalande. Pakati pa 0.2m mozungulira payipi, ndiyokwera 0.3m kuposa nthaka yachilengedwe mutabweza mchenga kapena nthaka yofewa.

4. Mapeto ndi malingaliro
(1) Mkulu-anzanu galasi zitsulo chitoliro mzere ntchito yopanga zitsime jekeseni madzi ndi gawo la mzere madzi jekeseni thunthu mu Jianghan Oilfield, amene zochimwazo dzimbiri ndi perforation payipi ndi, kumachepetsa kuipitsa, amatambasula moyo utumiki payipi, ndikusunga ndalama.
(2) Kudzera pakugwiritsa ntchito, ukadaulo womanga zotchinga-maginito azitsulo wazitsulo wakhala wokhazikika, kuchuluka kwa nthawi ya jekeseni wamadzi kwawonjezeka, kupanga bwino kwatetezedwa, ndipo zomangamanga zatheka. Chiyambire 2005, kutayikira kwapakatikati kwakonzedwa kasanu ndi kawiri, ndipo mafuta osakonzedwa pachaka amawonjezeka ndi matani oposa 80.
(3) Pakadali pano, pazingwe zapakati komanso zotsogola zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi (0.25 MPa ~ 2.50 MPa), zolumikizira taper ndikupanga zitsulo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza kutayikira, komwe kumatenga nthawi yayitali ndipo sikukuwononga. Ndikutukuka kwa sayansi ndi ukadaulo, ma resin amphamvu kwambiri, oyambitsa, othandizira othandizira, ma accelerator ndi zida zolimbikitsira zikupitilirabe. Kugwiritsa ntchito zolumikizira zomatira zazingwe zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi kumafunikira kafukufuku wina.
Njira yothetsera mavuto amtundu wazinthu zopangidwa
Pambuyo popanga zogulitsa za FRP, padzakhala mavuto osiyanasiyana pamtundu wazogulitsazo. Mavutowa amatha kuthetsedwa ndikupewa pambuyo pofufuza zakuthupi, zowonjezera, njira ndi zina. Zotsatirazi zimayambitsa vuto lodziwika bwino pakupanga zinthu-voids.

Mitundu yoyambira ya voids
1. thovu lili mkati mwa mtolo wa fiber, wokutidwa ndi mtolo wa fiber, ndipo limapangidwa motsogozedwa ndi mtolo wa fiber.
2. Ma voids amawonekera makamaka m'maenje apakati pa zigawo ndi pomwe utomoni umasonkhanira.

Kusanthula komwe kunayambitsa kusiyana
1. Zinthu zolimbitsa sizimayikidwa kwathunthu ndi utomoni wa masanjidwewo, ndipo gawo lina la mpweya limatsalira muzolowera, zomwe zimatsekedwa ndi utomoni wolimba mozungulira.
2. Vuto la kumata palokha. Choyamba, guluuwo ankasakanikirana ndi mpweya panthawi yokonzekera, yomwe sinathe kuthetsedwa kwathunthu munthawi yake; Kuphatikiza apo, gluyu atakulungidwa ndikulimba, mamolekyulu ang'onoang'ono amapangidwa chifukwa chothandizidwa ndimankhwala, ndipo zinthu zazing'onozi sizimatha kutha nthawi.

Njira zochepetsera mipata
1. Zipangizo zokondedwa
Malinga ndi mawonekedwe azida zopangira, sankhani zopangira zomwe zikufanana.
2. Limbikitsani mimba
Impregnation ndi gawo lofunikira pakupanga zinthu, ndipo ndichinsinsi cha thovu kapena voids. Chifukwa chake, kuyimitsidwa kuyenera kulimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse thovu ndikusintha mtundu wazogulitsa.
3. Control kusanganikirana
Utomoniwu usanagwiritsidwe ntchito, oyambitsa, ma accelerators, othandizira olumikiza, odzaza ndi ufa, zotsekemera zamoto, othandizira antistatic ndi inki zidzawonjezedwa. Powonjezera ndikusakaniza, mpweya wochuluka ubweretsedwamo, ndipo ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti zithetsedwe.
4. Sinthani guluu
Kuyika kumata ndi njira yofunikira yopangira FRP / zida zophatikizira. Ngati galasi loyenda silinayime bwino kapena guluu silokwanira, silika woyera amapangidwa atadutsa mu thankiyo.
5. Zogulitsidwa
Chingwe choyera cha silika chikamenyedwa pachikombole, chodabwitsachi chimatha kuthetsedwa ndi njira yoyendetsera gawo loyambira. Iyenera kuthetsedwa ndi kupukusa kwa mpukutu wa fakitaleyo. Kuyendetsa sikungokhala koyenera kungoviika, komanso kumatha kupangitsa kuti mankhwalawo akhale ophatikizika, kotero kuti guluu wochulukirapo amayenda kupita kapena kutali ndi kusowa kwa ziwalo, amachepetsa ma void kapena thovu, zimapangitsa kuti chinthucho chikhale choyenera, cholimba, komanso chimagwira bwino ntchito.
6. Kuchepetsa milatho

Zomwe zimatchedwa bridging zimatanthawuza chodabwitsa chomwe ulusi wamtundu wa mankhwalawo uli pamwamba, ndipo chodabwitsa ichi chimakhalapo kumapeto ndi mbiya.
(1) Ngati zida ndizovuta pakupanga, osauka mwatsatanetsatane, osakhazikika pakugwira ntchito, ulusiwo umakonzedwa mwadzidzidzi mwamphamvu, kulumikizana ndikudzilekanitsa mwadzidzidzi, zingwe zoyambilira zapachiyambi sizingachitike, ndipo cholumikizira chimakhala chosavuta kuchitika. Pakadali pano, kukonza ndi kukonza zida kuyenera kuchitika munthawi yake.
(2) Kutalika kwenikweni kwa chidutswa cha ulusi kuyenera kusinthidwa kuti chikhale chofanana kapena choyandikira kufupi ndi ulusi wopangidwawo.
(3) Sinthani kuchuluka kwa guluu.
(4) CHIKWANGWANI nambala, kupindika, utomoni mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndi CHIKWANGWANI pamwamba chithandizo zonse zimakhudza pamutu pazomwe zimayambira.
(5) Kutentha kozungulira kumathandizanso pamutu pa fiber.

Kuyendera ndi kukonza kwa zilonda zamagetsi
Kuyendera zopangidwa ndi zilonda zamafuta
Pazinthu zopangidwa ndi fiber-bala, nthawi zambiri samalani ndi zowunikira zotsatirazi.

1. Kuyang'ana mawonekedwe

(1) Mpweya wamagetsi: Kutalika kololeza kololeza kololeza pamwamba pazitsulo zosagwira dzimbiri ndi 5mm. Ngati pali thovu lochepera 3 lokhala ndi mulifupi osapitilira 5mm pa mita mita, sangakonzedwe. Apo ayi, thovu liyenera kukandidwa ndikukonzedwa.
(2) Ming'alu: Sipadzakhala ming'alu pamwamba pa 0.5mm mozama pamwamba pazitsulo zosagwira dzimbiri. Pamwamba pazitsulo zolimbitsa thupi ziyenera kukhala ndi ming'alu yakuya kwa 2 mm kapena kupitilira apo.
(3) Concave ndi concave (kapena khwinya): Pamwamba pa wosanjikiza dzimbiri zosagwira ziyenera kukhala zosalala ndi mosabisa, ndipo makulidwe a otukukira kunja ndi concave gawo lazitsulo zolimbitsa sayenera kupitirira 20% ya makulidwe.
(4) Kuyeretsa: Dothi losagwira dzimbiri siliyenera kuyeretsa, ndipo kutalika kwake kwa malo oyeretsa osanjikiza sikuyenera kupitirira 50mm.

2. Kuyang'ana mozungulira

Kutengera zofunikira za zojambulazo, kukula kwa zinthuzo kuyang'aniridwa ndi zida zoyezera molondola komanso mosiyanasiyana.

3. Kuyendera kwa digiri ya kuchiritsa ndi kuyika ma micropores
(1) Pamalo kuyendera
a) Palibe kumverera kokakamira mukakhudza pamwamba pa chinthucho.
b) Vikani ulusi wa thonje woyera ndi acetone ndikuyiyika pamwamba pake kuti muwone ngati ulusi wa thonje wasintha mtundu.
c) Kodi mawuwo amapangidwa ndikumenya chinthucho ndi dzanja lanu kapena ndalama kapena yosamveka bwino?
Ngati dzanja limamata, ulusi wa thonje wachotsedwa, ndipo mawuwo samveka bwino, kuchiritsa kwa chinthucho kumawerengedwa kuti sikokwanira.
(2) Kuyendera kosavuta kwa kuchiritsa digiri ya zinthu zambiri za furan
Tengani nyemba ndikuviika mu beaker lokhala ndi pang'ono acetone, musindikize, ndikulowerera kwa maola 24. Pamaso pachitsanzo ndi chosalala komanso chokwanira, ndipo acetone sasintha mtundu ngati chizindikiro chakuchira.
(3) Kuyendera ndi kuyesa kwa mankhwala akuchiritsa
Kuyeza kwa kuuma kwa Barcol kumagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa mosayang'ana kuchuluka kwa kuchira kwa zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa. A Barcol kuuma Tester ntchito. Mtunduwo ukhoza kukhala HBa-1 kapena GYZJ934-1, ndipo kuuma kwa Barcol kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha momwe akuchiritsira. Kuuma kwa Barcol kwa mankhwala opangidwa ndi bala ndi kuchiritsa koyenera nthawi zambiri kumakhala 40-55. Kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawo kumatha kuyesedwanso molondola malinga ndi malamulo a GB2576-89.
(4) Kuzindikira malo okhala pang'ono
Pakufunika, cholumikizira chophatikizacho chimasankhidwa ndi kuyang'aniridwa ndi chowunikira chamagetsi kapena chowunikira chaching'ono.

4. Kuyendera magwiridwe antchito
Yesani matenthedwe, thupi ndi mawotchi a malonda kutengera ndi mayeso omwe amafunidwa ndi chikalata chantchito komanso muyeso woyeserera wopereka maziko olandila malonda.

5. Kuwonongeka kwa kuwonongeka
Ngati kuli kofunikira, kuyesa kosawononga zinthu monga akupanga sikani, X-ray, CT, kulingalira kwamafuta, ndi zina zambiri kumafunikira kuti musanthule molondola ndikuwona zopindika zamkati mwazogulitsazo.

Kusanthula kwa zinthu pazinthu, kuwongolera ndi kukonza

1. Zifukwa zazikulu zophatikizika ndizopanga izi:
a) Chinyezi chambiri mlengalenga. Chifukwa nthunzi yamadzi imachedwetsa ndikuletsa kutenthedwa kwa utomoni wa polyester wosavomerezeka ndi utomoni wa epoxy, imatha kupangitsanso kukhazikika kumtunda, komanso zolakwika monga kuchiritsa kosakwanira kwa malonda kwa nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti kupanga zinthu zopangidwa kumachitika pamene chinyezi chimakhala chotsika kuposa 80%.
b) Sera ya parafini yocheperako mu utomoni wosakanizidwa wa polyester kapena sera ya parafini siyikukwaniritsa zofunikira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya uwonongeke mlengalenga. Kuphatikiza pakuwonjezera parafini woyenera, njira zina (monga kuwonjezera cellophane kapena kanema wa polyester) zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kupatula mawonekedwe ake kuchokera mlengalenga.
c) Mlingo wothandizira wothandizila komanso accelerator sukwaniritsa zofunikira, ndiye kuti mlingowo uyenera kuyang'aniridwa molingana ndi njira yomwe ikufotokozedweratu pokonzekera guluu.
d) Kwa ma resin a polyester osakwaniritsidwa, ma styrene ochulukirapo amadzaza mphamvu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mchere wosakwanira usakhale mu resin. Kumbali imodzi, utomoni suyenera kutenthedwa musanapangidwe. Kumbali ina, kutentha kozungulira sikuyenera kukhala kochuluka kwambiri (nthawi zambiri madigiri 30 Celsius ndi oyenera), ndipo kuchuluka kwa mpweya sikuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kwambiri.

2. Pali thovu lambiri pamalonda, ndipo zifukwa zake ndi izi:
a) Mphutsi zamlengalenga sizimayendetsedwa kwathunthu. Mzere uliwonse wofalikira ndi wokulunga uyenera kukulungidwa mobwerezabwereza ndi wodzigudubuza, ndipo chowulungacho chiyenera kupangidwa kukhala chozungulira ngati zigzag kapena mtundu wa kotenga kotenga.
b) mamasukidwe akayendedwe a utomoni ndi wokulirapo, ndipo thovu la mpweya lobweretsedwa mu utomoni silingachotsedwe pamene likuyenda kapena kutsuka. Muyenera kuwonjezera kuchuluka koyenera. Kutsekemera kwa utomoni wa polyester wosakwaniritsidwa ndi styrene; the diluent of the epoxy resin can be ethanol, acetone, toluene, xylene and other non-reactive or glycerol ether-based reactive diluents. Kutsekemera kwa utomoni wa furan ndi phenolic resin ndi ethanol.

c) Kusankha kosayenera kwa zida zolimbikitsira, mitundu yazinthu zolimbikitsira zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito ziyenera kuunikidwanso.
d) Ntchitoyi siyabwino. Malinga ndi ma resin osiyanasiyana ndi zida zolimbikitsira, njira zoyenera monga kusambira, kutsuka, ndi kugudubuza kuyenera kusankhidwa.

3. Zifukwa zoperekera mankhwala ndi izi:
a) nsalu CHIKWANGWANI sichinayambe mankhwala, kapena mankhwala sikokwanira.
b) Mavuto a nsaluyo ndi osakwanira pakuzungulira, kapena thovu lambiri.
c) Kuchuluka kwa utomoni sikokwanira kapena mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndi okwera kwambiri, ndipo ulusiwo sukhuta.
d) Fomuyi ndi yopanda tanthauzo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito zisamayende bwino, kapena kuthamanga kwachangu ndikothamanga kwambiri kapena pang'onopang'ono.
e) Mukachira, zinthu sizoyenera (nthawi zambiri zimachiritsa msanga kapena kutentha kwambiri).

Mosasamala kanthu kuti delamination imachitika pazifukwa zilizonse, delamination iyenera kuchotsedwa bwino, ndipo utoto wosanjikiza kunja kwa malo olakwika uyenera kupukutidwa ndi chopukusira kapena makina opukutira m'lifupi osachepera 5cm, kenako nkukhazikitsanso malingana ndi zofunikira pantchitoyo. Pansi.
Mosasamala kanthu za zolakwika pamwambapa, njira zoyenera ziyenera kutengedwa kuti zithetse kwathunthu kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zaubwino.
Kuphika koyenera kwamitundu yambiri yopanga ndi kuyesa magwiridwe antchito

Zipangizo zophatikizika nthawi zambiri zimakhala zida za anisotropic, ndipo njira zawo zowunikira zimasiyana ndi zazitsulo. Katundu wa anisotropic wazinthu zopangira zinthu zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusiyana pakati pa njira zoyeserera zoyeserera zopangira ndi zida zachitsulo. Pazinthu zachikhalidwe, opanga amatha kupeza magwiridwe antchito kuchokera pamabuku kapena zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi wopanga malingana ndi zomwe akupanganazo (kapena mtundu) posankha nkhaniyo. Zinthu zopangidwazo sizinthu zakuthupi kwambiri koma ndizolondola. Magwiridwe ake amakhudzana ndi zinthu zambiri monga matrix a utomoni, zida zolimbikitsira, momwe zinthu zimakhalira, nthawi yosungira komanso chilengedwe.
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyesa momwe zinthu zopangira zisanapangidwe zinthu zisanapangidwe, koma sizinganenedwe kuti magwiridwe antchito ofunikira kuti mapangidwe azikhala bwino. Titha kungoganiza kuti kusankha kwa zinthu zopangira kuyala maziko. Pakadali pano, zotsatira zolosera zamankhwala opanga ma micromechanics ndizocheperako ndipo zitha kuwerengedwa moyenera. Zambiri zantchito zomwe zimafunikira pakupanga zinthu zingapo zimayenera kupezeka ndi mayeso oyeserera, omwe ndi ofunikira pakupanga.
Kuyesedwa kwa magwiridwe antchito ndizoyambira pazosankha zakuthupi, kuwunika kwa zida zolimbikitsira, utomoni wamatenda, mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe, momwe zinthu zimapangidwira ndikupanga ukadaulo waukadaulo, komanso kapangidwe kazinthu.

1. Unidirectional CHIKWANGWANI gulu mbale
Zotanuka zamagulu ophatikizika amadzipangitsa kukhala osakhazikika komanso opanikizika a madigiri 0, madigiri 90, ndi madigiri a 45, ndipo mawonekedwe olumikizana pakati pa ulusi ndi utomoni amadziwika ndi kuyesa kupindika komanso kuyesa pakati pa ma shear. Pofuna kuwunika momwe zinthu zilili, malinga ndi zofunikira za miyezo ya dziko ya GB3354-82, GB3856-83, GB3356-82, GB3357-82, GB3355-82, kupanga kwa unidirectional fiber composite material plate kumamalizidwa, ndipo ndiye CHIKWANGWANI gulu zinthu zakuthupi zimakonzedwa mosiyanasiyana Kukula ndi kuchuluka kwa chitsanzocho chofunikira ndi njira yoyeserera.

1. Kupanga kwa unidirectional fiber fiber mbale
Njira yokhotakhota ndikupangitsa kuti CHIKWANGWANI chochokera pachombocho chizidutsa m'malo ovuta, zomata zomata, zokutira ndi ulusi, komanso cholumikizira cholumikizira waya kuti chikhale bala pamwamba pachikombole, ndipo pamapeto pake chimakhala cholimba. Mulingo wadziko lonse umati kukula kwa template ndi 270mm X 270mm. Chikhomo chimatha kuvulazidwa kuti apange mbale ziwiri zoyala (kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo) nthawi imodzi, zomwe zimatha kukonzedwa, kutakasa, kupindika, kumeta ubweya wapakati, ndi zina zambiri.